A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Anitha, Nandagopal
- Rational and Empiric Antibiotic Prescription in General Medicine Department
Authors
1 Department of Pharmacology, Sultan-ul-Uloom College of Pharmacy, Mount Pleasant, 8-2-249, Road No. 3, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad-34, Telangana state, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 15, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 110-114Abstract
Aim : The aim of this study is to determine the rational and empiric antibiotic prescription in General Medicine Department.
Objective : To determine the appropriate use of antibiotics and to empirical antibiotic therapy. To obtain information on the antibiotic prescribing pattern and the disease condition for which antibiotics are prescribed.
Methodology : A prospective-observational study was performed for a period of eight months from December to July in a multidisciplinary hospital. During the study 238 prescriptions were reviewed. Among them 210 prescriptions which contains antibiotics were selected. Data was collected from patient's medication orders and all the necessary treatment details were collected.
Results : The result was found that majority of the prescriptions were of male 115(54.76%) compared to female 95(45.24%). Antibiotic monotherapy was observed mostly in 162(77.14%). Majority of the prescriptions were managed with antibiotic monotherapy, thus preventing the over usage of antibiotics. Indications most commonly treated were fever 67(31.90%),urinary tract infections 27(12.8%) followed by other diseases. 47(22.3%) medication orders contain fixed dose combinations. The major route was found to be parenteral in 163 out of 210 prescriptions. The major class of drugs were cephalosporins. They were used in about 170(63.23%) prescriptions. The most common empirical therapy was given by third generation cephalosporinceftriaxone. Empirical therapy mostly covers broad spectrum antibiotics which are useful for the treatment of various pathogens.
Conclusion :The study concludes that by the appropriate antibiotic prescription, treatment success rate was found to be higher. Rational fixed dose combinations were prescribed. Cephalosporins were the most commonly prescribed in empirical therapy.
Keywords
Antibiotics, Rational, Empirical Therapy.References
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- Pharmacoeconomic Evaluation in End Stage Renal Diseased Patients
Authors
1 Department of Pharmacology, Sultan-ul-Uloom College of Pharmacy, Mount Peasant, 8-2-249, Road No. 3, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad-34, Telangana State, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Chikkabellandur, Carmelaram Post, Bangalore-35, Karnataka, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 16, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 14-18Abstract
Aim : The purpose of this project is to evaluate the economic evaluation of End Stage Renal Diseased patients within the context of continued economic uncertainty and pressure on healthcare resource use. Objective : These findings are important to find out the impact of cost of haemodialysis on patients suffering from ESRD. Further studies related to costs and outcome, otherwise known as pharmacoeconomic studies, are needed to analyse the cost evaluation in End Stage Renal Dialysis patients.
Methodology : A prospective observational study was conducted for a period of Eight months (December 2015 to July 2016) at a tertiary care hospital in the Inpatient Nephrology Department. Patients coming on outpatient basis were selected for the study. Patients were allotted in different shifts either in morning, afternoon or evening, based on their preferences. The patients were followed up for a period of 8 months. The patient sociodemographics, cost details of dialysis, hospital costs, comorbities diseases and their cost, adverse reactions occurred during dialysis, cost to manage such adverse reactions, regularity, affordability, outcome and patient satisfaction to dialysis, etc. were collected prospectively.
Result : The total cost per session was found to be around INR 4500. Fifty six percent contributes direct medical cost whereas 20% contributes direct non medical cost. Twenty four percent cost was due to indirect costs. Since the patients are paying from their own pocket, only the upper or upper middle class patient can undergo haemodialysis regularly.
Keywords
Cost Analysis, End Stage Renal Disease, Haemodialysis, Pharmacoeconomics.References
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